区分 USB 接口类型的方法

Env / Dependency

• Arch Linux, x86_64

• core/usbutils

区分 USB 设备是否支持 USB 3.0

• 接口是蓝色的一般就是 USB 3.0

• USB 3.0 有五个额外的插针 Image

• 利用 lsusb：

$ lsusb                        
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 04f2:b689 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd TOSHIBA Web Camera - HD
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 8087:0a2b Intel Corp. Bluetooth wireless interface
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 1058:266e Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements SE SSD

$ lsusb -D /dev/bus/usb/002/004 
Device: ID 1058:266e Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements SE SSD
Couldn't open device, some information will be missing
Device Descriptor:
  bLength                18
  bDescriptorType         1
  bcdUSB               3.20

设备描述符中 bcdUSB 即为此 USB 设备支持的 USB 类型。

区分设备上的 2.0/3.0 USB 接口

• 利用上面的例子：

$ lsusb                        
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 04f2:b689 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd TOSHIBA Web Camera - HD
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 8087:0a2b Intel Corp. Bluetooth wireless interface
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 1058:266e Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Elements SE SSD

2.0 root hub 和 3.0 root hub 有不同的总线编号。插入一个 USB 设备，然后查看此设备在哪一个对应的总线编号下面即可确定对应插入的接口的类型。

• Detailed Explanation from GPT-4-turbo:

  • To determine which USB ports on your device are USB 2.0 and which are USB 3.0 based on the output from lsusb, you can look at the Bus IDs and their associated root hub device IDs. Here’s how you can interpret the information:

  • Understanding the lsusb Output

1. Bus and Device IDs: Each USB device connected to your system is listed with a Bus ID and a Device ID. For example, Bus 001 Device 001 indicates the first device on the first USB bus.

2. Device Description and Vendor IDs: Each entry includes a vendor and product ID (ID 1d6b:0002), followed by a description of the device (e.g., Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub).

3. Root Hubs:

   • USB 2.0 Root Hubs: Typically have a device ID that ends with 0002. In your output:

     • Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub indicates that Bus 001 is a USB 2.0 bus.

   • USB 3.0 Root Hubs: Typically have a device ID that ends with 0003. In your output:

     • Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub indicates that Bus 002 is a USB 3.0 bus.

   • Determining USB Port Versions

     • USB 2.0 Ports are linked to Bus 001 in your case. Any device listed under this bus, like your webcam and Bluetooth interface, is connected via a USB 2.0 port.

     • USB 3.0 Ports are linked to Bus 002 in your case. The Western Digital SSD connected here is utilizing a USB 3.0 port.

   • Physical Identification

To physically identify which ports on your laptop or PC correspond to these bus numbers:

1. Try Connecting a Device: Plug a USB device into a port, check lsusb or use dmesg | tail to see which bus the device appears on. If it appears under Bus 001, it’s a USB 2.0 port. If it appears under Bus 002, it’s a USB 3.0 port.

2. Look for Port Markings: USB 3.0 ports are sometimes marked with the SuperSpeed USB logo or might have blue plastic inside the port instead of black or white, which is common with USB 2.0 ports.

3. Check Documentation: Refer to your device’s user manual or manufacturer’s website for detailed information about the port specifications.

Using these methods, you can effectively identify which ports are USB 2.0 and which are USB 3.0 on your Arch Linux system.